Feature Article - Japan Nuclear Explosion and Earthquake Essay

Feature Article - Japan Nuclear Explosion and Earthquake - Essay Example The Fukushima accident and Chernobyl nuclear tragedy having had similar consequences, it will be useful to compare these two incidents so as to understand the possible interventions to be made in future. An analysis of Chernobyl nuclear tragedy in terms of its short term and long term impacts would help the scientists working on the Fukushima issue to predict the possible long term impacts of Fukushima accident. Moreover, they will be able take lessons from the Chernobyl experience to be adapted to their present operation in Fukushima. The objective of this essay is to compare the impacts of Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear accidents on environment. Impact on environment It is beyond any doubt that both Fukushima and Chernobyl tragedies have resulted in serious environmental impacts. The danger in the impacts is that the pollutants are radioactive. This would mean that it continually changes its chemical constitution and set forth chain reactions causing complex multiple implications. In terms of environment, the largest danger is the long time these elements take to decompose itself. Half life, which is time taken for a compound to decompose into half of it is very long in the case of these isotopes. Thus the environmental implications are long term and unpredictable. The radioactive elements get into the water, air and soil. It also gets into the supplementary systems of water, air and soil. Marine systems, food chains, agriculture, animals, milk and ecology in general is contaminated by radioactive isotopes. It has been reported that in the earlier days after the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the surface deposits of radionuclides became radioactive for agricultural plants and the animals which consumed these (Roberta, 2009). . This was rapidly absorbed into milk which increased the level of thyroid in people who consumed milk. This was predominately observable across Ukraine , Belarus and Russia. The secondary phase of the sedimentary deposition was that these were taken up by plants from the soil through roots. Ceasium was the isotope which was reported to be most dangerous in this regard. It must be noted that agricultural products from highly affected areas may even now have traces of this isotope (Roberta, 2009). The direct presence of radioactive elements in plants reduced with time. The reasons could be weathering, physical decay, and the downward movement of radioactive elements into lower zones of soil inaccessible to the plants (Greenfacts, 2006). However, the impact of the radioactive leakage on agriculture does not limit to this direct surface deposition and plant uptake. The extensively cultivated areas with high content of organic content were affected. Pasturing of affected animals over unimproved grass lands also contributed to the radioactive content in agricultural plants and products. The people associated with these farms, especially the subsistence farmers in Russia were largely affected (Greenfacts, 2006) Radioactive plant products are reported to be largest contributors for human internal dose of radioactive elements. As these isotopes, especially Ceasium, has long life, the traces of the element is still found in some of the products. The current scenario is that the level of radioactive elements in products from Chernobyl has come down below national and international action levels. However, in Zhytomir and Rovno

Fighting the Long War Essay Example for Free

Fighting the Long War Essay The strategy outlined in â€Å"Fighting the Long War† is a good one. There are, of course, other options. One is to flee and do nothing more than we have already done. Yet, as the presentation’s authors suggest, this would almost certainly lead to the ruin of America. Stopping action now will not clear away centuries of hate and rage, nor will it erase the religious and political goals of a long committed enemy. Those who are less patient and less willing to lose men to a war, might suggested a shorter war, brought about by greater use of force. The military has been tied back and prevented from executing its full power in the Middle East. The United States could, if it wished, use its nuclear weapons against the enemy. Yet it does not. This may be a good thing. Using nuclear weapons would be unquestionably risky. Other countries which boast nuclear technologies might be tempted to retaliate, which could lead to the eventual destruction of American cities. It could also lead to chaos with unpredictable outcomes. Therefore, the best strategy seems to be to follow the long war approach of the presenters. Perhaps the most important point made in the presentation, was that Americans need to understand the nature and necessity of a long war and that they need to be able to trust their leaders. The main objection to involvement in Iraq was not that Sadam Hussein did not need to be stopped – it was that President Bush went in with the wrong motives. Whether the president’s motives were benevolent or malevolent, much of the American public distrusted him and this hurt the war effort substantially. Also of great import is the section on promoting the good points of peaceful Islam. Criticizing a person’s religion often triggers hostility. Those who have already been provoked by maltreatment by non-Muslims are much more likely to be converted violent extremism than those who have lived peacefully among their peers for many years. Promoting Islam’s peaceful movements, then, is a good counter-measure. Likewise, promoting assistance in rebuilding and democratizing Iraq is an excellent idea. Japan has certainly come a long way. It would be nice if Iraq could too.

Censorship Essay -- essays research papers

Are we protected from censorship under the First Amendment? In other words do people or groups have the right to examine material and remove or prohibit anything they consider objectionable? This argument has been progressing for hundreds of years, the first notable case was against John Peter Zenger, in 1743. Zenger was an editor of a New York colonial newspaper that often published articles that criticised the colony's governor. He successfully argued that publishing the truth should be a defense and thus defied the conventional wisdom and ended colonial intrusion into freedom of the press (Harer 21). Since that case, the progression through time has expanded matters to the complicated issues we see today. The founders of the United States government tried to protect this liberty by assuring a free press, to gather and publish information without being under control or power of another, in the First Amendment to the Constitution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So why do we need to be concerned if we, as citizens, have been properly protected under the constitution? Our concerns occur, on account of special interest groups that are fighting to change the freedom of expression, the right to freely represent individual thoughts, feelings, and views, in order to protect their families as well as others. These groups, religious or otherwise, believe that publishing unorthodox material is an abuse of free expression under the First Amendment. As we will come to find, our Supreme...

Prejudice and Racism in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Prejudice and Racism in Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn    Despite all the criticism, of racism and other questionable material for young readers, Mark Twain’s The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn is a superbly written novel, which in the opinion of this reviewer should not be remove the literary cannon. Twain’s novel is a coming of age story that teaches young people many valuable lessons and to some extend makes students reexamine their own lives and morals. The most common argument for its removal from the literary canon is that the novel is too racist; it offends black readers, perpetuates cheap slave-era stereotypes, and deserves no place on today’s bookshelves.   However one must ask if Twain is encouraging traditional southern racism or is Twain disputing these idea.    On a superficial level The Adventures Huckleberry Finn might appear to be racist, and for the most obvious reason: many characters use the word â€Å"nigger† throughout the novel. But since the action of the book takes place in the south twenty years before the Civil War, it would be amazing if they didn’t use that word. A closer reading also reveals Twain’s serious satiric intent. In one scene, for instance, Aunt Sally hears of a steamboat explosion. â€Å"Good gracious! anybody hurt?† she asks. â€Å"No'm,† comes the answer. â€Å"Killed a nigger† (Mark Twain, Huckleberry Finn 1409). But anyone who imagines that Mark Twain meant this literally is missing the point. Rather, Twain is using this casual dialogue ironically, as a way to underscore the chilling truth about the old south, that it was a society where perfectly â€Å"nice† people didn’t consider the death of a black person worth their notice. To drive the point home, T wain has the lady continue: â€Å"We... ...e end of the novel, Huck and the reader have come to understand that Jim is not someone’s property or an inferior man, but an equal. To say that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a racist novel is absurd, but there are always some hot-heads claiming that the novel is racist. These claims are not simply attempts to damage the image of a great novel, they come from people who are hurt by racism and don’t like seeing it in any context. However, they must realize that this novel and its author are not racist, and the purpose of the story is to prove black equality. It is vital for the reader to recognize these ideas as society’s and to recognize that Twain throughout the novel does encourage racist ideas, he disputes them. For this reason, and its profound moral implication, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn should not be removed from the literary canon. [1056]   

Military Nursing

The core values means the principles or standards to be followed during the course of job. The core values play an important role in the development of every individual’s personality ad In successfully achieving his target. As like in other profession, Navy also covers three oaths like paragraphs called core values, which are, honor courage and commitment. Honor: Are the respect, honesty and integrity towards the job performed. Honor is the pride, which helps to take full responsibility for any actions delegated and keep abide the person to perform his duty in highest ethical manner. Therefore, Medal of Honor is the highest award in U.S.A. A very great man rightly said that,† Honor comes from within the human mind and from human nature†. Courage: is another navy’s core value, which means bravery, zeal, enthusiasm etc. It is also treated as state of mind that helps to overcome danger, difficulty, pain or fear. In navy courage means, the valor to meet the demand entrusted to the person as best as possible. Courage is the bravery, which gives us strength to face every problem without fear. Commitment: The last core value of navy is commitment, which means dedication, obligation and promise towards all the people a job assigned. People should always be committed to their task therefore, commitment is a core value. Commitment is very important in the navy because there is considerable amount of responsibility on the shoulders of navy personnel as every person depends on them.Committment should not be limited to oneself but to all the people around. Conclusion: from the above core values discussed it is clear that these principles are integral part of all the navies’ forces across the world, which build the foundation of trust and leadership upon which strength is based and victory is achieved. Therefore, every member of naval service- active, reserve, and civilian, must understand and live up to the core values. Thus, every naval person should be truthful and honest in his dealings within inside and outside the department of the navy, he must encourage new ideas and delivers bad news immediately and he must fulfill ethical ad legal responsibilities in best manner. The navy person must have courage to accept all the challenges with high standards of personal conduct and decency and he must be loyal to the nation by making honest, careful and efficient way. He should respect all the religion without caste, religion.       Reference: Referred to sites:    http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Cockpit/4745/Navycore.html/Navy Core values.    http://navsci.berkeley.edu/ns1/PPT/corevalues.ppt/    http://usmilitary.about.com/od/navy/l/blcorevalues.htm/The United States Core Values. Dated 3rd July 2007

Kinesiology †Emotional Stress Relief †Physical Fitness (300 Level Course)

Kinesiology – Emotional Stress Relief – Physical Fitness (300 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Kinesiology Emotional Stress Relief Physical Fitness (300 Level Course) Good health enables individuals to lead productive and fulfilling lives (Report on the health of Canadians, 1) but in today’s society, technological advancements, lack of motivation and lack of nutritional education are causing youth to become more unfit than ever before. Webster’s dictionary defines fitness as being of good health and good physical condition. This definition rarely applies to youth these days. A recent study shows that 33 percent of Canadian boys were overweight in 1996, and the number of overweight girls was 27 percent, which is also a very high percentage. (Demont, 22) Obesity is also becoming a serious problem for children. Obesity is generally defined as being at least twenty percent above the ideal body weight. Since 1981, the percentage of obese children has multiplied by five. Ten percent of boys and nine percent of girls are now considered obese. (Demont, 22) On average, the children and youth of today are unfit and unhealthy, leading to the unfit adults of tomorrow. It starts when you are a child. If you don’t get the motivation that you need to keep fit, then it is likely that the same attitude towards exercise will remain with you throughout adulthood. For an adult, it is hard to get out of long-term lifestyle patterns and into a regular exercise routine. Adults tend to have many excuses for not getting enough exercise. A few of which may be that they are too tired and stressed after a long day at work, or that they don’t have enough time because they have to cook dinner, do housework, or take care of the kids. But here is where the motivation steps in. If you’ve got to take care of the kids then why not incorporate some physical activity? Take them for a walk or go to the play ground with them. Inline skating or biking is also a great way to stay fit with your children. Parents should know what motivates their children and use that information in any way to keep their children healthy and fit. Kids need motivation to stay active just as much as adults do. It has been shown that children are more likely to want to be physically active if their parents are active. Children’s physical activity patterns tend to revolve around what they learn at home. (Pivarnik, James M., N/D) For example, if a parent is always at wor k and the child watches television and eats junk food all day, then that child is likely to develop a negative or lazy attitude, not to mention a very bad habit with regards to exercise, that will likely remain with them through adulthood. Getting a child involved in organized sports is the perfect way to keep them active and healthy. But the problem with this, sometimes, is that the family budget doesn’t allow it. Social class plays a major role in weather or not a child stays active. Children with a lower class status rarely get the same opportunities as the children of higher-class families. Availability of facilities, equipment and coaching for most programs costs a lot. (Shephard, 235) Even after school programs and community recreation centers ask for a sufficient amount of money. A lot of families simply cannot afford to put their child in such programs. Especially lower class families with multiple children. Another problem when trying to get a child into an organized sport may be their friends. Generally, children don’t want to get into a program where he or she will not know anyone. If there is no one familiar in the group, then the child is likely to take a negative attitude towards the program and in turn will not enjoy it, and possibly even quit. For a parent to motivate a young child to get into such a program, they should first consider who the child will know and weather or not they will enjoy the program. As a child grows to like a sport, gender may also cause some problems. Take a young boy in figure skating, dancing or even gymnastics for example. Society seems to shape children at an early age to think that these are â€Å"girls† sports. The same may go for a young girl in a hockey or baseball program. Unfortunately, this affects a lot of children, and even if they enjoy the sport, they may feel pressured by friends or acquaintances to quit. It gets harder to motivate someone later on in the adolescent stage because so many factors come into play. Teenagers â€Å"don’t have time† for physical activity. Social time and even study time take away from going for a walk or a bike ride. This, however, is not necessarily true for all teenagers. The ones who were motivated to start playing sports and enjoyed their time outside at an early age will always find time for physical activity. The negative attitude starts and an early age and unfortunately, it is especially hard to break a teenager from bad habits and patterns such as this. Drugs and alcohol also start to influence physical activity during the teenage years. If a teen starts to smoke, drink or do drugs, then physical fitness becomes one of the least important matters to them. They won’t have enough energy, and even breathing may be a serious problem for smokers when it comes to physical activities. This is when schools and teachers should get involved. Hopefully, by this age, children have been positively influenced by their schools, but teachers need to take an extra step when they see that a child has gotten involved with drugs and/or alcohol. Students spend the majority of their time in school, so they need positive reinforcement and role models within the system. After school programs, nutrition and health classes, and programs that educate the students about how important it is to stay fit and healthy are great ways to incorporate fitness into the school system. Most, if not all schools from junior high onward, have school sports teams. But what about the children who are not particularly good at sports? There are very few schools that have programs for students to get exercise without having to try out for a team. Physical education classes seem to be satisfactory for those students, but in a study about physical education classes in Michigan, the average P.E class keeps children active for less than twenty minutes. (Pivarnik, James M., N/D) Another study also showed that in 1998, only 10 percent of Canadian schools offered gym classes daily, and a tenth of school kids had no gym class at all. (Demont, 24) Also, durin g physical education classes, the trend seems to be that the more â€Å"athletic† students play the sports and the games, while the students who don’t particularly enjoy sports, barely participate. There should be programs available for these students. For example, an after school walking club would be particularly beneficial to students who do not enjoy sports or even for the students with health problems such as asthma. Staying fit doesn’t mean that you have to be on a team and children, especially, need to know this. A good way for a teacher to motivate their students would be to get involved in the activity. Being a good role model could include taking a group of students on an afternoon hike or casual bike ride once a week. In order to incorporate these ideas into the school system, the teachers also need to be educated about health and fitness. This, not only would help the students understand the importance, but the teacher as well would have a better understanding. The last major source of motivation comes from the community. Organized sports, recreation centers and even summer programs all help children get the physical activity that they need to stay fit. Most of the programs for younger children are very good at incorporating a lot for fun games for them to play. This is the key in keeping small children active. These activities have to be fun to keep their interest. There are great new ideas being brought up in recreation centers to keep children interested in the programs. Once a child is introduced to a sport or a program that they really enjoy, then generally, that attitude towards sports and fitness will stay with them. Activities such as swimming are almost always open to the public, so there really is no excuse as to why someone doesn’t go regularly for a swim or even a walk or run. There is rarely anything stopping someone from going. The facilities are provided, so all that is needed is the motivation. Nutrition can also play an immense role in defining fit and unfit. Poor food choices, along with lack of exercise can yield fat, unfit children (Daugherty, 2002), and even adults. Poor eating habits can lead to obesity, which can cause harmful diseases that may last an entire lifetime. There are many vast reasons that can be blamed for the increase in weight gain, and there are also plenty of techniques that can be used to increase physical activity, therefore decreasing weight gain. There are some factors that may cause people to become overweight, or obese such as genetic factors, lack of physical activity and unhealthy eating. They can all contribute to overweight children. Obesity is rarely caused by medical conditions even though many people may think this. Even if a child is brought up in a family with a weight problem does not necessarily mean that they themselves will become overweight. They very well could be at a high risk, but that could be linked to the family’s eating habits and exercise habits. Unfortunately obesity has increased in children more than 50% in the past 30 years (Daugherty, 2002), and one in every five children in the U.S. are overweight (Grayson, 2002). The reason for this drastic increase is lack of physical activity and poor food choices. There are many health risks that can be caused by obesity. High cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, early heart disease, bone problems, and skin conditions are only some of t he more serious issues that can arise. When kids realize that they are overweight, often times it’s too late and they can become discouraged and never try to improve their physical condition. To be more specific of the factors that can cause overweight and obese children, can be linked to society. Our environment has turned to high-fat, high-calorie, high-sugar, and high-salt snack foods (Daugherty, 2002). Children would much rather have a bag of chips at recess instead a little baggie of raw vegetables. In the twenty years between 1975 and 1995, visits to fast food restaurants in Canada sky rocketed by two hundred percent! (Demont, 23) Super Sized value meals at fast food restaurants are encouraged for just an extra fifty cents. For that extra fifty cents, you are not just getting more food, but hundreds of extra-unneeded calories. So, in a way, when people blame fast food restaurants for themselves and other being overweight, they may have a case. Another major factor for the weight problem for today’s kids is vending machines and soda pop machines (Boyles, 2001). Can you ever go to a school without seeing a vending and a pop machine in numerous spots all over the school? Not usually. They are in every hallway. Children consume most of their calories from pop and other sugary drinks like fruit juices. The average kid consumes thousands of calories a week in pop and fruit juices alone (Boyles, 2001). Just imagine if a child drank one can of pop every day, in the run of a week that’s approximately 2500 calories, on liquids alone. If children wish to have their pop, chips, and chocolate bars, they must do some sort of physical activity to burn most of the calories. Schools need to reinstate effective physical education programs and try to establish an active lifestyle that will continue throughout their youth and adult years. Society can also make people become more aware of health problems through campaigns and presentations to schools, work places and even hospitals. A child’s total diet and activity level can determine a child’s weight (Grayson, 2002). The eating habits children pick up at a young age will help them maintain a healthy lifestyle as adults, and even though children have fewer weight-related health and medical problems than adults, overweight children have a high risk of becoming overweight adolescents and adults (Grayson, 2002). Typically, overweight youth become overweight adults (Westcott, n.d.). Even though adults have a better knowledge of a healthy lifestyle, there are still one in four adults that are obese, and three in every four adults that are overweight (Westcott, n.d.). That leaves only half the population defined to be â€Å"fit.† Parents can have a major role in their children’s eating habits and physical activity level. Let them be involved in picking out healthy choices at the grocery store and let them help prepare meals. Parents can also discourage their children from snacking all of the time, especially in front of the television. While kids watch television, they don’t realize if they are full or not, but just continuing to eat. Plan children’s snacks and prepare a healthy lunch for school hours. Television, video games, movies and computers do not help children stay active. If anything, the more time kids spend on these activities, the less time they have for physical activity. The majority of kids choose these indoor activities to playing tennis, or soccer, or even playing tag outside with their friends. On average for children, 23 hours a week is spent in front of the television, and ten hours a week is spent playing video games (Boyles, 2001). There is a constant increase of intake of calories, and unfortunately a decrease in the burning of calories, thanks to television and computers. Technology has made people lazy. How many kids still go out to play with their friends after they have eaten? Most stay home and watch television as much as they eat. And they don’t even have to get up to change the channel because we have remotes that do it for us. And on television, kids see sports figures and movie stars advertising fast food and junk foods. But not only watching television is a big influence on increasing obesity in children. Also computers, video games, and the Internet are related factors of the serious and growing issue of child and adolescent obesity. The average Canadian child watches excessive amounts of television (Bernard-Bonnin et al. 1991). The AC Nielson Company’s report on television found out that the average Canadian child watches 23 hours of television each week, and with some children watching up to five hours daily and the average adolescent watches over 20 hours of television per week. That is a lot of time spent sitting and glaring at a television and if you think about these numbers, by the time a child reaches high school, it will have spent more time watching television than in the classroom. Television is the biggest technological negative factor of child obesity as it contributes to the increased incidence of childhood and adolescent obesity (Dietz WH Jr., 1985). Watching television is an effective way of advertising products to children of various ages (Stasburger VC, 1986). So while our children watch television, they will see more than 20,000 commercials each year (Children, adolescents, and advertising, 1995). But what does a car or a financial branch commercial have to do with child obesity? The answer to that is easy. More than 60% of commercials promote sugared cereals, candy, fatty foods, and toys (Children, adolescents, and advertising, 1995) where the fat content of these advertised products exceed the current average Canadian diet and nutritional recommendations. Not only are these items high in fat, sugar, and salt, but also low in overall nutritional value and fiber (Hill Radimer, 1997). Commercials for healthy foods make up only 4% of the food adve rtisements shown during children’s viewing time. Therefore television viewing makes a substantial contribution to obesity because prime time commercials promote unhealthy dietary practices (Ostbye T et al., 1993). Not only does watching television increase the dietary energy intake in response to food advertising, but also during viewing the programs. Children who watch a lot of television are less physically fit and tend to snack more regularly. The number of hours of television viewing also corresponds with an increased relative risk of higher cholesterol levels in children (Dietz WH Beliizi MC, 1999). Eating meals while watching television should be discouraged because it may lead to poor eating habits. Television also takes away from play and exercise activities. This means the energy expenditure from displacement of physical activity is reduced. It limits children’s time to develop vital activities such as playing outside, spending time with peers and parents, participating in regular exercise, and developing other not only physical, but also mental and social skills. This chart shows that watching television has the highest percentage compared to other influences of child and adolescent obesity. Though it is not the only one. Other media, such as magazines, radio, and the Internet also have the potential to influence children’s eating, exercise and buying habits and its mental health. Even though some video games may help the development of fine motor skills and coordination, most video games have the same negative effect as watching television. The amounts spent watching television and sitting in front of the computer can also affect a child’s postural development (Salter RB, 1983), which is an important development for many physical activities. Research Papers on Kinesiology - Emotional Stress Relief - Physical Fitness (300 Level Course)Influences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseHip-Hop is ArtThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTrailblazing by Eric AndersonThe Spring and AutumnComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

How to Earn Money as a Freelance Writer

How to Earn Money as a Freelance Writer Cormac McCarthy, American novelist, Pulitzer Prize winner and playwright, once said, I never had any doubts about my abilities. I knew I could write. I just had to figure out how to eat while doing this.This monumental task- figuring out how to do what you love (write) and pay the bills while doing it- is one that every writer faces, regardless of ability. However, before making the decision to quit your day job and launch out into the uncharted, and often stormy, waters of freelance writing, there are a few things you should know. Most importantly, you should know that the success you find in the field of freelance writing will be due to a mix of luck, fortitude and networking, and it will take a healthy dose of all three to thrive financially.Freelance websitesIn the Information Age, when everything has turned global, websites that offer freelancers the opportunity to create profiles and bid on jobs can be one of your best resources to earn steady money as a freelance writer. Websi tes like Freelancer.com and Guru.com are some of the most commonly used online portals for bidding on freelance writing jobs of all types- from ghostwriting to copywriting to everything in between. Both of these sites offer limited bid submission for proposals without having to pay a monthly fee; however, if you want to bid on a lot of proposals to increase your chances of getting the work, you will need to pay a small monthly fee to do so. The more proposals you bid on, the more money you will be able to make; so for some writers, this additional fee is worth it.The best thing about websites like these is that the site administrators will ensure that you indeed get paid. They do this through setting up an escrow account in which the client requesting the work has to fund an account with the amount that is owed to you. Once you complete the job to the satisfaction of the client, the website will then release the funds to you. However, both Guru.com and Freelancer.com take a small pe rcentage of the payment as their fee for facilitating the transaction.The current going rate for most projects on freelance websites is approximately .01 - .02 per word. You will be hard-pressed to find clients who are willing to pay more, especially since the sites are international, meaning that there are thousands of international freelancers available through them who are willing to write for that amount if you arent. While there are certainly jobs posted that do offer more money, signing up with the expectation of this amount of payment is your best bet in entering the field with a realistic understanding of what you can make as a freelance writer through these types of websites.While freelance websites can offer you unlimited amounts of freelance writing work, the work itself is often unfulfilling for many writers. Copywriting includes writing online content about different topics- ranging from law for attorney blogs to sales copy for marketing companies. While the work is oft en steady, the writing can become extremely boring and repetitive the longer you do it. In addition, most of the clients you will find on these freelance websites want you to ghostwrite the copy, meaning that your name will not be attached to the content. If you want to just be able to work from home as a writer and make money doing it, these websites are a great option; however, if you want to make a name for yourself as a writer, you might try other avenues, such as writing for a magazine.MagazinesFor most freelance writers, writing for a magazine provides a better opportunity than freelance websites to find success as a freelance writer and build a solid reputation. When you publish an article for a magazine, your name is generally placed in the by-line and you are able to share your accomplishment with your friends and family, as well as use it as part of your published work portfolio to gain even more clients.The best way to break into the world of freelance writing for magazin es is to build a relationship with the editor of that magazine. This can be done in several ways but usually starts by sending a rà ©sumà © and portfolio to him or her, and let the editor know that you are available as a writer for any freelance work that the magazine might have available in the future. If an editor is in need of freelance writers due to not having enough staff writers (which is often the case), he or she is likely to give you an assignment based on this interaction. However, if the editor doesnt immediately give you an assignment, it is up to you to be proactive and begin to look for stories that would catch the attention of the editor and the readership of the magazine.Once you have an idea for a story, go ahead and query the editor with your idea by sending a letter or email with details about the article youd like to write. For an even better chance of getting published in the magazine, write the article before querying. This will not only give the editor a gl impse of your ability but will also help sell your article, if it is written well.Most magazines pay anywhere from $70-$100 for a feature story, so this is a great way to start making decent money as a freelance writer. However, it also requires you to be constantly creative and always observant in order to find the best content to pitch.

HIGH QUALITY CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING SERVICE

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AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment Two Essay

AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE 1900 Assignment Two - Essay Example The argument that social benefits would result from unrestrained enterprise sounds very sincere when one reads Hoover’s writing. He actually adopts a moderate position at some points, recognizing that abuses of power do occur in the business world. He acknowledges that exploitation is possible; therefore he renounces a laissez faire attitude towards the regulation of business (Hawley, 218). The problem arises, says Hoover, when government exerts too much control over business. That is when abuses occur, only this time it is the government in the role of abuser. Finding the balance seems to be his message, but he undeniably states that the vast majority of business should be unregulated or else individual freedom would be lost. These documents reveal that Hoover really views business as a noble benefactor to all who participate. He seems to assume that businesses will pay a fair wage because it is the right thing to do. He also seems to assume that discrimination of any type do es not exist. Discrimination of sex, religion or ethnicity really hinders the freedom of some groups in America. He ignores the fact that business does nothing to address discrimination and the resulting loss of freedom for the individuals affected. Work Cited Hawley, Ellis W. Herbert Hoover as Secretary of Commerce: Studies in New Era Thought and Practice. Des Moines: University of Iowa, 1981. Print. Americans responded positively to the new business spokesmen because their priorities had shifted and they were looking for a new way to address the ills of society. Americans have always felt that their nation was unique among other nations. Some have expressed the idea that America was a sort of Promised Land because of the ideals that are expressed in the Constitution. Others point the freedoms in the Bill of Rights while some point to the abundant natural resources of America as evidence for the nation’s success. That said, most Americans recognize that there are still abidi ng difficulties in our society. Discrimination, poverty and homelessness are problems that were present in the 1920’s, and they still exist today. Americans were so receptive to the idea that business could solve all of societies ills because they recognized some in America were treated unfairly and that there was inequality. Business was so attractive partly because many of the other social institutions had failed to remedy the problem. It is apparent that the writing of the pro-business supporters exposes some assumptions Americans make about their society based on past experiences. Specifically, it shows that Americans have long looked to religion and education to help cure some of the ills in society. Edward Purington was such a supporter of business that he said there was more Christianity in a square inch of the office equipment of leading industrialists that there was in an entire Sunday congregation (Lorence, 188). For Americans to buy into this sort of rhetoric, they must have had bad prior experiences with religion and education. Work Cited Lorence, James. Enduring Voices: From 1865. Washington D.C.: Heath, 1993. Print. The 1920’s were a time of great social change. Many different groups were trying to advocate for their place in society. Division along ethnic lines was especially fierce during this decade. Mexican and Japanese immigrants were routinely denied citizenship and discriminated against in the courts. The rise of the KKK happened during this decade as well

Ethics and Issues Of International Football Term Paper

Ethics and Issues Of International Football - Term Paper Example There is an enormity of researches and theoretical work written on the subject of ethics.   Accordingly, depending on the writer, schools of ethical thought differ from each other.   Some aver that there are two (2) schools of thought for ethics and others say that there are three (3) schools of thought.   Still, other references have more schools of thought that one can imagine.   According to De Foe, there are three (3) main schools of thought as detailed below The people's good is the highest law. The aim of deontological ethics is to find the most moral behavior and to make that a law or a set of rules for others to follow. The use of deontological ethics is extensive in our world, observed most as laws, rules, and ethical codes. Theories of deontological ethics might suggest that it would be possible to create a complete and comprehensive law that would prevent all negative behavior for all people who follow that law. That which  is evil to one at one time becomes good at another time to someone else. The consequential might state that  in most circumstances  it is wrong to push another human being or to shoot another human being. However, if someone is about to walk in front of a speeding car then through consequence it becomes ethical to push that person out of the path of getting hit. Likewise, if a person is about to detonate explosives inside a building it becomes ethical to shoot them according to consequentialism. This seems to suggest that how ethical the action becomes irrelevant†¦ the results of the action in preventing harm and promoting the most happiness for the most number of people becomes the single benchmark for ethical behavior. I must find a truth that is true for me †¦ the idea for which I can live or die. Moral individualism suggests that a person cannot know what it is to be moral without first discovering what it is within themselves that determines certain behavior be linked to moral or immoral acts. Likewise, he or she must also give others the freedom to undergo this process within them to find their own moral center.   

Democratic Party and Republican Party Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Democratic Party and Republican Party - Essay Example They rather use a self-defending approach, or try to plea to the broadest range of the voters. The republican have some work to do on both sides of the strategies. There are few similarities also between the two rival candidates. Republican candidate McCain from Arizona and Democratic candidate Barack Obama from Illinois; both the nominees of the major parties are fighting to attain support from maximum voters. McCain was in Virginia, looking to turn out the vote in a state that normally votes republican but appears to be siding with Obama. While, Obama was enjoying a lead in national polls, he sought a knockout punch in Nevada, Colorado and Missouri that went for George W. Bush in 2004. Barack Obama's efforts to get the support of the Sunshine State's hugely diverse electorate on Tuesday could prove decisive. Obama has held massive rallies throughout Florida as he seeks to pries the Sunshine State from its eight year republican grip, a move that could wrap up the election in his favor on Tuesday. Obama is ahead in states such as Nevada and North Carolina. Iowa and New Mexico are likely to move into the democratic column and Obama campaign is confident in chances in western states. If he has a good night on Tuesday he could even pick up Georgia, Montana and North Dakota.

Reducing Incidences of Child Obesity Research Proposal

Reducing Incidences of Child Obesity - Research Proposal Example The imbalance leads to such weight differences and redefines the way children will develop later in life. Genetic factors also form a huge part of the obesity trends. Many children are seen to be susceptible to obesity-conducive genes, which makes it easier to develop such weight problems if the parents do not offer a chance to capitalize on retaining a healthy lifestyle always. Â  The important thing is to generate new understanding of what obesity is all about. The case involving the utility of the resources available for the sake of intervening in the very early years as a way of preventing the obesity from taking shape and allowing the society to move from a rational way of dealing with the issue to an emotional one. Many of the parents fear that keeping their children from the junk they are used to may be a way of keeping them away from themselves (Rippe, 2013). This means that they do not offer them any guidance that could provide them with a chance of dealing with the issue when it is still in its early stages (Gorard, 2013). Evidence from difference sources highlights the impact that lifestyle choices could have in tracking obesity and allowing adults to lose weight and keep fit, as well as allow the children to choose better lifestyles. The purpose of introducing the changes from a tender age is the fact that they are easily receptive at this age ( Rippe, 2013). Preventing its occurrence is essential as a way of managing the weight issues amongst the children. Â  Obesity amongst children has in many developed countries reached epidemic levels. This means that so many children are falling into this trap when they are much younger than they should be. At least 25% of the children in the US alone are in the overweight category with 11% of these falling into the obese category (Ahima, 2013).

Graphic Design Impact on Fashion Annotated Bibliography

Graphic Design Impact on Fashion - Annotated Bibliography Example The essay "Graphic Design Impact on Fashion" concerns the graphic design and fashion. The Book answers important questions such as whether women create differently as compare to men, how gender debates are taken in the modern work environment and whether women in the modern workplace are judged based on quality of their work. It features sentiments from historians of design as well as biographies and stories of major women designers like Iris Utikal, Sheila Levrant Irma Boom among others. It surely shows how powerful a tool, graphic design can be in shaping fashion and culture as well as values. The authors of this book take a look at the way graphic design has helped shape fashion. It has selections of the world best studios for design, their work and contribution to the to fashion industry’s growth. The book also contains insights from designers and customers about the industries direction. The crucial developments of graphic design in the bigger area of fashion are well art iculated and the reader can really appreciate what design is doing to fashion. It is an appropriate book for upcoming designers, fusionists as well as fashion lovers as has a lot of fascinating and exciting information. The paper examines ceramic designs and their importance particularly to the homes and buildings. It looks at their impact to fashion as well as their commercial usage and communication. A lot of value is attached to artwork which goes beyond monetary value and this is what the designer aims at bringing out.

Reducing Incidences of Child Obesity Research Proposal

Reducing Incidences of Child Obesity - Research Proposal Example The imbalance leads to such weight differences and redefines the way children will develop later in life. Genetic factors also form a huge part of the obesity trends. Many children are seen to be susceptible to obesity-conducive genes, which makes it easier to develop such weight problems if the parents do not offer a chance to capitalize on retaining a healthy lifestyle always. Â  The important thing is to generate new understanding of what obesity is all about. The case involving the utility of the resources available for the sake of intervening in the very early years as a way of preventing the obesity from taking shape and allowing the society to move from a rational way of dealing with the issue to an emotional one. Many of the parents fear that keeping their children from the junk they are used to may be a way of keeping them away from themselves (Rippe, 2013). This means that they do not offer them any guidance that could provide them with a chance of dealing with the issue when it is still in its early stages (Gorard, 2013). Evidence from difference sources highlights the impact that lifestyle choices could have in tracking obesity and allowing adults to lose weight and keep fit, as well as allow the children to choose better lifestyles. The purpose of introducing the changes from a tender age is the fact that they are easily receptive at this age ( Rippe, 2013). Preventing its occurrence is essential as a way of managing the weight issues amongst the children. Â  Obesity amongst children has in many developed countries reached epidemic levels. This means that so many children are falling into this trap when they are much younger than they should be. At least 25% of the children in the US alone are in the overweight category with 11% of these falling into the obese category (Ahima, 2013).

Cat People Psychoanalytic Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cat People Psychoanalytic Analysis - Essay Example This incredible heritage reflects greatest, deepest and therefore most important components of our life. Carl Jung life’s work provided his readers all across the world with great meditations on the matter of life and death, violence and love, soul, spirit, purpose of human existence and even further away in the sphere of unconscious and therefore out of time and space, deeper than scientific approach somewhere on the threshold of religious patterns and philosophical discoveries. â€Å"Cat People† is named horror movie but it`s not a real horror from the cinematic point of view. From that point it is more of a psychological thriller and psychology in this film is exactly the prism through which it will be discussed. The plot of the film briefly consists of interactions between 4 people which are: Irena (main heroine), Oliver Reed (her admirer and later husband), Dr. Louis Judd (psychiatrist of the main heroine) and Alice (Oliver’s co-worker and later lover). Main heroine sees herself a descendant of the ancient mystical evil-worshippers who are half cats and half people. Long time ago these people have been punished for their blasphemy and even killed but some of them escaped to the woods. Our heroine tells it to her admirer Oliver whom she meets. Despite it is being truth (though only for the aesthetical effect and more as an allegory) he says that she is too imaginative and therefore it’s all just a silly fantasy. Then they agree to marry each other and this serves as a movie’s starting point of interest because if woman says that she feels like some living creature (panther) lives in her and can break out in the moment of the most passionate and intimate expression (sexu al orgasm) and her lover agrees to marry her then eventually almost anyone would wait for further conflict. This conflict doesn’t make viewer wait for him too long (film is really short) with Alice who is Oliver’s co-worker becoming a reason for Irena’s

Contemporary Developments in Psychology and Counseling Essay Example for Free

Contemporary Developments in Psychology and Counseling Essay Every human behavior includes in an events and activities that a human being show in his lifetime. Human’s intelligence and creativeness produced great inventions that prolong human lives and make living on this earth convenient. But at the same time human intelligence have produced life threatening inventions that can take away lives at the press of a button. In other words, men nurtures and protect his fellow human and at the same time destroys them. And so with these, we became curious. â€Å"Why do people behave the way they do?† with these problem we can now enter the world of Psychology. Psychology nowadays is universally defined as the science of scientific study of behavior and mental processes. And under this field of Psychology there are major areas which are the biopsychology, experimental psychology, developmental and personality psychology, health clinical and counseling psychology and social-industrial-organizational consumer and cross cultural psychology. And under this field we have the cognitive learning which assumes that learning results from thinking and other mental processes. Cognitive learning grew from a combination of Gestalt psychology and Behavioral Psychology. Cognitive Perspective focuses on how a person knows, understands and thinks about his or her environment. The Development of Cognitive Learning was according to the theory of Jean Piaget a Swiss Psychologist. He states that mental development undergoes different stages from birth until adolescence when a person acquired most of the cognitive functions. Some scientist also made their studies about the so-called Cognitive learning. Like Edward Tolman and Wolfgang Kohler. According to Tolman all organisms are capable of thinking. He believes that organisms takes in the information and use it to adapt to its environment. While Kohler experiment on insight of learning. He suggested that cognitive processes play an important role in learning. Insights are formed suddenly and transferred immediately to other similar problems. There are two steps in the process of cognitive interpretation in emotions. The interpretation of stimuli from the environment The interpretation of stimuli from the body to autonomic arousal As the first method says it means that individuals are not affected by the events but by the interpretation of the individuals on these situations. While the second method means the interpretation of within the body stimuli resulting to autonomic arousal. Another thing, Psychologists categorizes the diverse fields of Psychology under different models, approaches and perspectives. And these are seven perspectives; these are the evolutionary perspective, psychodynamic perspective, behavioral perspective, cognitive perspective, humanistic perspective, biological perspective or neurobiological perspective and neuropsychological perspective. These perspectives help Psychologists to organize their scientific findings to connect them to theories as they seek for further research. References Gines, Adelaida C. General Psychology. Philippines: REX Bookstore, Inc.,2003

Tesco The strategic planning of an organization

Tesco The strategic planning of an organization This study is focusing on a Strategic planning of chosen organization. And it is the main function that a company is having in the early of their business years. Every organization has its own strategic plan which is unique to the business they are connecting with. We are taking the Tesco PLC as the chosen organization for this study. So we can find out the plans that are set in the Tesco at the initiative stage. And here also it is important to know the Tescos Board of Directors set their strategic plan to accomplish the best organization and the best performing firm in the industry as well. Tesco Private Limited Company Tesco is the British largest wholesaler retailer by global sales and also in UK domestic market. And also it is considers as the worlds third giant. Tesco firstly established in 1919 by Mr. Jack Cohen. But it is firstly appeared as Tesco brand in 1924. Tescos first supermarket was opened in 1956 and it was the first price reduction super market for Tesco. Then the diversify strategies implemented by the Tesco started. And that was the success for Tesco in their business world. The main outcomes expecting of Tesco corporate strategy are as follows, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢To be the best retailer in the Domestic market. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Take necessary action to uplift the UK market. And use the UK market as the model for international business. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢To be the best in both foods and non food market in all over the world. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢To be the strongest in other alternative businesses as well such as Tesco Personal Finance, Telecoms and Tesco.com à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢To be the excellent corporate social responsible firm Understand the External environment affecting the Tesco Importance of the External Factors/ major changes in the Tesco and how those affect to the strategic Direction of the Tesco. Any business or organization does not run in an empty environment. Industries when it comes in a competitive market structure. So the organization or the business must act and react according to the environment inside and outside. So this is what we call the analysis of the environment. We have to understand the possible environment changes happening in the external world. It is depend on the degree of the competition. We have to understand the strength of the competitive alternative in the industry to find out the important of the external factors. Any way we have six main environmental factors happening in the external environment. And those factors are very important to examine and analysis when we try to understand the importance of the external factors. Social, major changes in Social factors can be the attitude changes due to alternative products. This will never happens so easily. Economic, this can be changes due to economic rescission or any other immediate down ward of economic factors. The taxation can be also affected the changes in business structure. Legal, if there is any policy changes happen in the structure of the Tesco it will affect the organizational structure as well. Political, the major changes can be happen in the Tesco political scenario. Any way this is very important to handle because the political authority is very important when it comes to the decision making in business. Ethical, this is important when it comes to the changes in moral and the motivation because the human rights or any other case. Technological, changes in technology will lead to the end of any company. Stakeholders of the Tesco PLC The importance of the business is stakeholders. They are the major partners in running the organization. And also they can be very crucial to make the profit of the organization. They will get the profit or loss both have to take in to consideration by the stakeholders. There are few stakeholders we can identify in the business as follows. Customer This is the most considerable stakeholder for any organization in the world. And without these customers there is no organization who can survive with. The customers are directly contributing to the profit and the turnover of the organization. Tesco has a unique blend of customers who can be different from any other people buying ordinary goods. Tesco is the lowest price holder in any part of the UK. So the customer base also is solid for the Tesco. Employees This stakeholder category is the back born of any organization in the world. Without employee satisfaction the organization is useless of making profit. And also we have to make the strategies to uplift the employees quality of life. And there they have to set the directions by consideration the employees as well. Tesco is dealing with the retail market and the services also related with people. So the employees are the most important factor on this regard. Tesco is having 586 retail shops all around in Great Britain. So the Employees factor is the most valuable factor for the Tesco PLC. Shareholders Tesco is there because of the Shareholders. The top they have achieve in the sector of their industry just because of the shareholders. This is the most important stakeholder group in financial purpose. They have the profit share and also the loss share as well. Competitors Food and no food retail industry is one of the biggest industries having in now days. So the complexity of the industry makes more competitors. We can have few competitors in domestic market like ASDA, Sainsbury, and Waitrose. And also the biggest international competitor for the Tesco is the Wall-Mart. So Tesco has more competitive advantages by the others. The UK Government In every successful and giant organization have some political influence. They sometimes have many policies over the firms. So this will make the loss in the organizations especially the organizations have more international relations as well as domestic powerful penetration. Review the Existing Business plans and Strategies of Tesco PLC 2.1 Current Position/ Strengths and Weaknesses The Tesco has many up and down times in their history. We can identify some important factors that will reflect the Tescos historical pathway to the success. And these are the main information that will indicate the todays position of Tescos. Very low population capacity of the Organization The inflation of the food price is so much low Well established and newly opened and fully structured supermarkets all over the country. It is so much hard to get the planning permissions for large Greenfields Three main well strong and powerful Competitors operating in the domestic market There are new store places for all the other well established organizations in the industry So the existing position is as above in the beginning. But the new situation or the position is the other side of the above facts and information. Soothe main strengths now is as follows, High capacity of customer base and the employee base with comparing the others The inflation has grown up the food price and the Tesco gets the advantage of that to grow themselves Fully structured and well established 586 retail stores under the capacity of Tesco They have so many Greenfields other than any other competitor. The Tesco is the No. 1 brand in the UK domestic market. And other competitors may have nothing to say on Tesco and they are sometimes unable to compete with Tesco. The Tesco has a large capacity and the power to handle the market structure some times. Tesco has the large number of stores and the well planned spaces in the food and non food industry in UK We can identify some of the weaknesses in the Tesco as follows, Lack of internal communication Present state is not communicated to the others. Promotion Process incomplete tension may create for the uniform and non uniform workers. Lack of physical fitness for the employees Public education is well needed and the attitudinal change is required. Need diversity training on sensitivity and all must have leadership development and the accountability 2.2 Current business Plans The business plan for the Tesco is very simple and the plan is given by the outcome oriented. So the business plan we can identify the strategic areas. The directional plans subcategories can be taken in to the business plan. The main focus or the objective is to maximise the sales of the Tesco. So to analyse the situation on this regard we have chosen the three main category that the Tesco is used to have in the pats. We can say the three areas that Tesco has followed is given below, Spend more to time and more money to the existing customers and the existing stores. Identify new customers in new channels Newly introduced geographies development But the growth strategies we explain in the above are having some problems and the profitable matters are not supported by the strategies used in the above tactics. So we have to switch the new strategic business plan to penetrate the market deeper. So they have thought the existing customers more and make some strategic business plan according to that. Now they have only focuses on the existing customers, like this, Existing Customers Product Service For the product they have made it two different parts that are segmented private labels and the expanded no-foods, and the services they have switch financial and telecommunication. These are the newly introduced services that Tesco Currently engaged in. Develop Options for Strategic Planning for Tesco PLC 3.1 Strategic Options for Tesco As we all know the Tesco is the worlds 3rd largest retail business organization. So the organization has many strategic options that they have to take in to consideration. Especially the financial side of the company they have to think many strategic options that will suite for the organization. We can identify there are some of the strategic options that Tesco may have and the important thing is that Tesco might have options that they can do anything they want just because they have the reputation and he monetary power. The high capacity of customer base is the biggest advantage they have right at the movement. Any way they may have following options if they want to switch in to any of the following options. Flexibility option we can magnitude the production or the manufacturing in to flexible operations. We can use the existing production and the other stuff in to flexible service and production. This will enhance the net present value of the organization. This can be done by the happening of massive fluctuations in the environmental changes. Growth Option we need to have a self evaluation and monitoring part if we want to find out there are any possibility that we can switch in to the growth option. Tesco need experience some of the stores in the UK although they have more than 1000 stores in the domestic market and the share of 33% of the total market they might need some of their businesses growth. Timing Option although the Tesco has giant improvements in their business they have some implementations to be commence in the time of the growth. So they may use the tactics that they will suddenly go in to some kind of projects that they will get more benefits. So they may use the option of going immediate projects by time to time. 3.2 Future strategic options and the suitable structure for all the stakeholders We can identify these two topics in one angle. The stakeholders are the most important of any business as we mention in the above. So we can use the most suitable structures that we can make the strategic options correctly. We can use the values that will give us the strategic option for all the stakeholders including. Market development this is the main strategic option they have on their hands. And this can be very crucial for all the stakeholders as well. The strategy Tesco use for market development is the joint development and the strategic alliance. Tesco is used t make alliances with the Asian international businesses. This will enhance the business strength of Tesco and it will make more profit share for the stakeholders as well. The other market development option they have is to switch in to the Latin American retail market, hey have already somewhat expanded this in to there. Product development this is the most important title to be discussed with the case of Tesco. They have the option of Diversification strategy. They have to use this strategy that they will get the best sales forever. And all the stakeholders will get the benefits and the employees will also have the chance to be innovative and more productive. Develop a Strategic Plan for the Organization Before developing the strategic plan for the organization of Tesco we have to consider the future goals that Tesco has. Any way the Tesco has the vision of be the global best retailer, it is easier for us to get an idea of how they need to be strategize. So there for we can have the following strategic planning steps that will suite for the organization. Review and develop the vision and the mission of the Tesco, We need to rethink the mission of the organization that how we can offer the best service and grab the higher part of the market share. This will indicate that we need to rethink the missions and the values and make the strategies according to those. Business and the environmental analysis We did this part in the above. We need to finds out the newly emerging trends that will affect for our business. And for that we need to create the strategies for overcome those threats. We can have a SWOT analysis of the Tesco and find out the threats and weaknesses that will affect the organizational future and overcome those. Establish strategic Objectives This step will show us the overall picture of the organization heading at. And we can do necessary actions to make the strategies that will suite for the direction of the Tesco. Resource allocation And we can allocate the resources we have according to the set objective strategies. And the allocation will take part of the newly introduced resources as well. We can find the wants and the needs of the stores and the employees to allocate the resources. Execution review This will be doing by the top level and the middle level management. And the monitoring part will need to maximize the production and the Discussion This study is mainly focused on the strategic planning of an organization. We have found and select the organization of Tesco PLC. Tesco is the worlds third biggest retailer in all the time on now days. Firstly we have analysed the organizational external environment and the facts that will affect the organizational changes. We have identified the existing business plans that they have to be the best organization in the world. So according to those plans thy have changed their organization by reviewing the past experiences and the success of the organization can be found in overcoming those obstacles. Then we have to consider the options that will affect to the organization we have found that the options we have is the values that we need to develop. And then we have to study the strategies that Tesco set for developing the marketing and the products. They have to be diversifying their products that they have to be the best of grabbing the market share. And finally we have come to the stage of making a strategic plan that will implement for the Tescos future development. Here we have considered the steps that we need to take according to develop a strategic plan.

The Struggle of the Zapatatista Movement: Seeking a Solution after 10 years :: Essays Papers

The Struggle of the Zapatatista Movement: Seeking a Solution after 10 years "There hasn't been much change. We're still poor," Isaac [A Zapatista Rebel since 1994] acknowledged, as he cast a glance over [his hometown’s] wooden shacks and shoeless children. "But at least now people are aware. -Isaac, Zapatista Leader Since the Beginning (CNN Wolrd Article) Introduction: The indigenous community of Chiapas, Mexico has been struggling for hundreds of years, ever since the inception of the Spanish conquest. The Indians of Mexico (and especially of Chiapas) have been dehumanized and have been rejected of constitutional rights throughout history. For this reason, and other related reasons, the indigenous population of Chiapas has suffered from hunger, lack of health care access, poverty, loss of agricultural land, and racism over the past four centuries. In particular, the majority of Mayan populations in Chiapas are often forced to bear injustices and infractions of natural human rights. Set deep in the thriving green and fertile jungles of southeastern Mexico, Zapatistas have maintained a resistance movement to stand up for the injustices endured by the approximately 2.3 million people who live and die in the Chiapas countryside. A war broke out in Southern Mexico on New Year’s Day of 1994, 10 years ago. In its first military actions, the Ejà ©rcito Zapatista de Liberacià ³n Nacional (EZLN) demanded from the Mexican federal government democracy, liberty, and justice for all Mexicans. Led by Subcomandante Marcos, the Zapatistas demanded autonomy from the government, legal recognition of Indians in Mexico, demilitarization, and the redistribution of agricultural lands. But time and time again these rights continue to be denied. No president has been able to reach an agreement with the Zapatistas. The war still continues, although the negotiations have halted. The bloodshed still continues, and yet there is still no solution to this conflict. A solution that satisfies both the Mexican government and the Zapatistas is attainable. A proposed Solution involves a 4 part solution to the four demands of the Zapatistas: health care, indigenous rights, demilitarization, and redistribution of land. But first, a comprehensive history and causes for the lack of success of the movement must be discussed. . History / Reasons for Lack of Success of the Zapatista Movement: The Zapatista movement has generally failed to achieve tangible improvements for the indigenous community of Chiapas. There are three key causes for the inability to reach an agreement with the Mexican Government. Contemporary economic policies, the elitism of the Mexican political state, and continued intrusion from international foreign powers such as the U. The Struggle of the Zapatatista Movement: Seeking a Solution after 10 years :: Essays Papers The Struggle of the Zapatatista Movement: Seeking a Solution after 10 years "There hasn't been much change. We're still poor," Isaac [A Zapatista Rebel since 1994] acknowledged, as he cast a glance over [his hometown’s] wooden shacks and shoeless children. "But at least now people are aware. -Isaac, Zapatista Leader Since the Beginning (CNN Wolrd Article) Introduction: The indigenous community of Chiapas, Mexico has been struggling for hundreds of years, ever since the inception of the Spanish conquest. The Indians of Mexico (and especially of Chiapas) have been dehumanized and have been rejected of constitutional rights throughout history. For this reason, and other related reasons, the indigenous population of Chiapas has suffered from hunger, lack of health care access, poverty, loss of agricultural land, and racism over the past four centuries. In particular, the majority of Mayan populations in Chiapas are often forced to bear injustices and infractions of natural human rights. Set deep in the thriving green and fertile jungles of southeastern Mexico, Zapatistas have maintained a resistance movement to stand up for the injustices endured by the approximately 2.3 million people who live and die in the Chiapas countryside. A war broke out in Southern Mexico on New Year’s Day of 1994, 10 years ago. In its first military actions, the Ejà ©rcito Zapatista de Liberacià ³n Nacional (EZLN) demanded from the Mexican federal government democracy, liberty, and justice for all Mexicans. Led by Subcomandante Marcos, the Zapatistas demanded autonomy from the government, legal recognition of Indians in Mexico, demilitarization, and the redistribution of agricultural lands. But time and time again these rights continue to be denied. No president has been able to reach an agreement with the Zapatistas. The war still continues, although the negotiations have halted. The bloodshed still continues, and yet there is still no solution to this conflict. A solution that satisfies both the Mexican government and the Zapatistas is attainable. A proposed Solution involves a 4 part solution to the four demands of the Zapatistas: health care, indigenous rights, demilitarization, and redistribution of land. But first, a comprehensive history and causes for the lack of success of the movement must be discussed. . History / Reasons for Lack of Success of the Zapatista Movement: The Zapatista movement has generally failed to achieve tangible improvements for the indigenous community of Chiapas. There are three key causes for the inability to reach an agreement with the Mexican Government. Contemporary economic policies, the elitism of the Mexican political state, and continued intrusion from international foreign powers such as the U.

American Racial Discriminations against Middle Easterners and the effect it has on Middle Easterners since 911

â€Å"Middle Easterns† is not just a race residing in several countries around the world; it has evolved to depict different semantic meanings as to the term of people born in the Middle Eastern culture and way of life. (Wikipedia) The Middle East is composed of countries in the territory of Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Palestine (now Israel), Jordan, Egypt, The Sudan, Libya, and several states belonging to the state of Arabia (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Yemen, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates).Geographically characterizing Middle Eastern communities, it has enlarged over the years to include three other countries in the North Africa region which is Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco with associated foreign policies. The Middle East is a territory that is surrounded by the southern and eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from Morocco to the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (Wikipedia) Middle Eastern is a modern term coined by Americans for Arabs and for people who reside in the region of the Middle East.These are Semitic people speaking the Arabic language and are generally not specified to particular residency in the Middle East. The distinction of Arabs must be clearly defined as the common perception of Arabs is that they are Muslims. Not all Arabs are Muslims, and not all Muslims are Arabs. Arabs are considered by the short lived Arabian league to be those of Arabic descent and speaking the Arabic Language. They must have originated from an Arabic country and strictly follow the rules and tenets of Arabic culture. (â€Å"Poll: Majority of US Muslims suffered post September 11 bias†, 2002)The paper will discuss the implications of the perception on Middle Easterns and the changes after the September 11 attacks in the United States. In this exposition, discrimination against Middle eastern will be evaluated and the extent to which it happened after the 9/11 attacks. The study shows what life was for Middle Eastern s before the attacks, and what they had to experience after. The study will not only focus on discrimination against Middle Easterns but also to discrimination per se on people belonging to different races.Discrimination happens due to decisive factors which differentiates one person belonging to a race from another. It is a way to make clear distinctions and act towards another person based on prejudice. It can happen through in three different ways; either base on their appearance, language, and religion. MIDDLE EASTERN DISCRIMINATION The society will more likely discriminate an individual because of what he looks like. Visual discrimination is the easiest way to discriminate someone. This is because appearance is readily available for a person to judge on especially when people base their perception on skin pigmentation.Even on how a person dresses constitutes formation of prejudices against them. Difference in religion also contributes to discrimination, not just the religion Is lam, but also other religious orientations as well. Religious discrimination is a one rampant occurrence after the 9/11 attacks. This is acting of ones bigotry against persons’ beliefs, rituals and customs in the particular religion he holds. Finally, the distinction between the different languages people speaks also accounts for discrimination to happen. Differences in language or in accent can generate misunderstanding among people.Discrimination is carried through many ways an(â€Å"DISCRIMINATION INFORMATION FROM LITERATURE REVIEW†)d forms. Middle Easterns are not just the ones affected by this act of prejudice, but all those other nationalities perceived as different. The stereotypes that greatly motivate discrimination can be attributed to how the American media portrays people. The media has adverse perpetuations in people who are different from the Americans. The American media affects how the people perceive Middle Easterns, whether physically, by religion or with language.Discrimination takes on different forms and is carried out to unlimited extent, from hate crimes to employment discriminations. (â€Å"DISCRIMINATION INFORMATION FROM LITERATURE REVIEW†) DISCRIMINATION BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11 2001 Discrimination against people with Middle East cultures is known even before the 9/11 event. But this had escalated dramatically over the years, particularly after the 9/11 attacks. They have been the subject of hate crimes, assaults and harassments due to their difference in color, race and religion.The perception of Arabs as terrorist is believed to have started in 1973 with the Arab- Israeli war and oil-embargo. The Iran hostage crisis in 1979, the hijacking of TWA Flight 847 in 1985 and the beginning of the Persian Gulf crisis added to the hostility of the American society against the Middle East culture. Prior to 911, Middle eastern were already a subject of contempt and distrust. Their portrayal in mainstream media as either lying vi llains or evil warlords has vilified their image to the American public. Fictional books, particularly after 1973 exhort American and Israeli courage under the face of their Arab oppressors.Middle Easterns were tagged as terrorists due to the perception that they are oppressors in their war against Israel. The American interest over Israel had contributed to the terrorist perception it generated. Even cartoons, like Aladdin imprint in American children the image of those coming from the middle east as liars and villains. (EEC, 2002) Before, little was known about the world that middle Easterns came from. The only feedback that the general public had was when the media reports that another terrorist attack has been perpetrated by Arab terrorists, or another take on the deemed inequalities in their culture and religion.In particular, Anti Arab sentiments have already taken hold before 911, due to the perception that these middle easterns are the oppressors in their war against Israel. The American interests in Israel have led them to promote the state at the same time portraying Muslims and the Arab world as oppressors and terrorists. Each terrorist attack by the Muslim world was broadcasted with the effect of making them the new pariahs of the world. The media and the government were very instrumental in defacing the image of middle easterns. And these acts further intensified after the tragedy that occurred on September 11 2001.THE TRAGEDY ON SEPTEMBER 11 2001 The September 11, 2001 attacks often referred to as just 911 was composed of a series of terrorist suicide attacks against the United States of America. On the morning of September 11, 2001, nineteen terrorists whose were purportedly with the al-Qaeda terrorist organization hijacked four commercial passenger airplanes. The hijackers took control of the aircraft using small knives to scare and immobilize the passenger and crew. Two of the planes (United Airlines Flight 175 and American Airlines Flight 11) were crashed in the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York.In Arlington County, Virginia a third airplane (American Airlines Flight 77) was crashed into the United States Pentagon, the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense. The fourth airplane crashed into a field adjacent to the town of Shanksville in Pennsylvania. The plane did not reach its reported desired objective of crashing into the U. S. Capitol due to the attempt of some passengers and crew members to regain control of the plane. In addition to the19 hijackers, 2,973 people died; another 24 are missing and presumed dead. (Wikipedia) DISCRIMINATION AFTR SEPTEMBER 11Nine days after the terrorist attacks, President George W. Bush declared to the nation that â€Å"no one should be singled out for unfair treatment or unkind words because of their ethnic background or religious faith. † His words were a little too late and apparently ineffective. After 911, there have been a large number of r eported incidents of discrimination against Middle Eastern people in the United States. Security checks in airports were tightened and Middle Eastern personas well as persons perceived to be Middle Eastern were unjustly subject to more stringent security measures.(CNN, 2001) In the three days that succeeded the 911 terrorist attacks, CNN reported that at least 300 reports of Middle Eastern being harassed and abused were received by the Council on American-Islamic relations. This number tripled the amount of received reports in the year before September 11. The most common complaints were people yelling verbal abuse like â€Å"Get out of our country! Go back to your own†, as well as the calling of insulting names like Arab dogs, whores, and other vile monikers. (CNN, 2001)The FBI also reported an increase in Muslim crimes in the US in the year 2001. The US government is also said to have detained about 1200 Middle Eastern and South Asians with the assumptions that they are ass ociated with the terrorists. A report on the study by the Council on American- Islamic Relations (CAIR) released in September 18 2005, showed an increase of more than 30% of discrimination, harassment and violations complaints against Muslim. The CAIR, the country’s largest Muslim organization had evaluated the implications of the 9/11 attacks to the Muslim community.Such incidents of discrimination, harassments and violation complaints were reported to be 1, 972 in 2005, more than what is reported in the previous year. The organization concluded the report as the highest statistic since it started doing reports on anti-Muslim activities in 1995. The organization began its yearly reporting of crime incidents towards Muslim in the year 1995 after the Oklahoma bombing. The bombing of the federal government building in Oklahoma, pointed by the mass media to have done by Arab radicals, triggered the anti-Muslim perception of the people and as a result tagged the Muslim community as villains of peace.The year 2005 reported 153 cases of anti-Muslim hate crimes and marked a 10% increase of hate crimes over the year 2004, and a dramatic 50% increase from the year 2003. Hate crimes are acts of discrimination against persons belonging to a certain race, culture or religion. (cite source) These crimes involve murder, attacks on religious institutions, shootings, vehicular assaults and verbal threats against the person. This become evident after the 9/11 attacks as the whole Muslim community were scrutinized for their involvement with the attacks.(â€Å"Class action lawsuit filed against the US government†, 2002) There were several hate crimes reported after the 9/11 attacks. Balbir Singh Sodhi in Mesa Arizona, associated with a different religion from Islam, was killed with no reason at all. It has been reported that the reason for his death was just mere association with terrorist, particularly the assumption that he looks the same as the terrorist therefo re he too is a terrorist. There has been similar incidents like what happened to Sodhi after the 9/11 attacks. In Dallas Texas, Waqar Hassan was shot to death in his own convenience store.The 46 year old Pakistani was apparently mistaken for an Arab following the 911 tragedy. His murderer, Mark Stroman, was also found guilty of killing another man, Vasudev Patel, with the same motive. (BH. , 2002) Murders without regard to affiliation, actual race and citizenship were committed after the Sept 11 attack. The list includes Adel Caras a Coptic Christian who originated from Egypt, American citizens Amil Almansoop and Jawed Wassel and Abdo Ali Ahmed among others. It would seem that the pain of the tragedy of 911 was enough reason for the murderers to perform their act.The aftermath showed that some people felt it was ok to target Middle Easterners and even people who look like them either as revenge or just as an object to vent their rage. Most murderers did not even attempt to camouflag e their act. Marks Stroman was rumored to have bragged that he just that did what every American wanted to do but didn’t have the nerve. After 911, the amount of reports of employment discrimination against Middle Easterns showed an increase. In a report of the US Equal Employment Commission in May 2002, they showed that 488 complaints were received regarding post 911 employment discrimination.Additionally, 301 of those reports were about Middle Easterns being forced out of employment. Numerous reports also abound of people ostracizing Middle Eastern co workers in the office. The united states government also aided in portraying the Middle Easterns as having direct links to terrorists. After the September 11 tragedy, the United States detained 1200 people. These were of Middle East and South Asian descent, further fueling the perception that the Arabs and the Muslims had something to do with the September 11 attacks. What’s more troubling is that in Sept. 17, 2001, int erim regulation issued by the U. S.Department of Justice allowing detention without charge for at least 48 hours in emergency situations. This regulation was used in great effect in detaining those of Middle Eastern origin. The rule was invoked in the immigration of Middle Easterns following the attack. About 763 individuals were detained and about half of them were deported. Jorge Martinez of the United States Department of Justice explains that they did not single out Arabs, they were simply following up on leads and clues. However, the proceedings regarding these immigration cases are shrouded in a veil of secrecy. Identities and charges were not officially released.According to the Justice Department, this is simply to protect the privacy of the proceedings as well as the persons involved. Most of the information that were obtained showed that those detained were held on minor visa violations and on other terrorist unrelated criminal charges. The immigration judges presiding in the trials were allowed to hold their court proceedings in secret. The release of some detainees accompanied the news that rough treatment and solitary confinement were being used in these persons. (HRW, 2003) The effect of the attacks on Middle eastern communities across the country is even more troubling.Fear and paranoia has changed the way of life that these people were accustomed to. The numerous reports of physical injury and verbal abuse against Middle Easterns have induced some to refrain from showing signs of their ethnicity. The wearing of scarves and other telltale signs of their culture has made them visible targets to public contempt and most were not willing to undergo the risk that that entails. Withdrawal from civic life also came as a result of the 911 attacks. Middle Easterns stayed at their homes, and went out only when necessary due to fear of being a recipient of abuse.Muslim communities avoid congregating in order not to be subject to suspicion by others. Middl e eastern children were ostracized in their schools, most were bullied, called names and physically assaulted. (HRW, 2003) Prior to the 911 attacks, Muslim Middle Eastern families gave generously to charities and fundraisers. This is in accordance to the practice of zakat, one of the five pillars of Islam. However, the U. S government had a crack down on Muslim charities and charity benefactors, saying that they were a front for fundraising by terrorist organizations.In Chicago, two local Muslim charities, the Global Relief Foundation and Benevolence International Foundation, were investigated and shut down due to alleged terrorist links. A wave of paranoia has been sweeping Middle Eastern communities since the 911 attacks. Reports of the government’s methods in obtaining intelligence information from these communities have resulted in a feeling of fear and dread among individuals. Many has reported having been followed, eavesdropped upon, and watched. Federal agents have bee n known to search Middle Eastern residence without due notification or even the necessary warrants.Questioning by these agents without regards to the rights of the individual has made Middle Easterns wary and afraid. Reports of new faces in Mosques and in internal gatherings have made many wary. Islam is a religion based on tolerance and love. Because of this, Middle Easterns which have grown in this culture silently suffer the indignities and abuse being shown to them. However, a new generation of middle easterns, those who have grown in American soil, are rising up and asserting their rights as individuals and as Americans. Communities have begun to band together and combat the discrimination against them.Groups like The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC), the Alliance of Iranian Americans (AIA), the Council on American Islamic Relations (CAIR), and the National Council of Pakistani Americans (NCPA) have provided a voice to those victim to racial discrimination. The y have acted by providing data, reports, denouncing claims and by filing suits against the perpetrators. But to some this is not enough. Many young middle easterns who have experienced this discrimination have talked about fighting back. CONCLUSION Discrimination against a particular people, religion or culture is a widespread occurrence even in these times.Discrimination comes in many forms. The Middle Eastern people have suffered discrimination on American soil before and after the September 11 attacks. Prior to 911 they have endured verbal abuse, harassment, racial profiling and even hate crimes. And after the tragedy, they suffered and are still suffering much more of these. They have been treated with distrust, unearned hate and contempt. Their rights have been trampled on and their liberties taken away from them. They have known fear and paranoia. And most have resolved to be victims no longer and fight back. The September 11 attacks struck a painful blow to the American natio n.The wounds of the victims and survivors are now healing. But the wound that its effects have wrought on the Middle Easterns in America still bleeds. References BH. (2002). 9/11 Fuels Anti-Arab Crime. Boston Herald. Class action lawsuit filed against the US government. ( 2002). Retrieved October 23, 2006, from http://www. adc. org/index. php? id=1540 CNN. (2001). Hate crime reports up in wake of terrorist attacks. Retrieved October 24, 2006, from http://www. cnn. com/2001/US/09/16/gen. hate. crimes DISCRIMINATION INFORMATION FROM LITERATURE REVIEW. from http://www. d. umn. edu/~lbelote/srseminar/mideast/PAPER4.HTM EEC. (2002). EEOC Provides Answers About the Workplace Rights of Muslims, Arabs, South Asians, and Sikhs. Retrieved October 24, 2006 from http://www. eeoc. gov/press/5-15-02. html HRW. (2003). We Are Not the Enemy. Human Rights Watch: A Journa, l(14(6)), 1-39. Poll: Majority of US Muslims suffered post September 11 bias. (2002). Retrieved October 24, 2006 from http://www. cairnet. org/asp/article. asp? articleid=895$articletype=3 Wikipedia. September 11, 2001 attacks. Retrieved October 25, 2006, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/September_11,_2001_Terrorist_Attack#_note-CBS

Christianity in the first three centuries Essay

After the terror of September 11 the American people wanted to know what type of people would fly airplanes into buildings killing thousands of their good citizens. The left wing media and the Bush administration, which often patronizes left wing, political correctness, provided the most typical ‘spin’ for public consumption. This interpretation works within the typical left-wing paradigm, which deems all religions as essentially the same and politics as Ð ° separate category of life, removed from the private concerns of true religion. It is only when conservative religious-types attempt to impose their narrow minded beliefs upon the peaceable world of religious and political communities that problems arise. (Sherifa 2005 28) Therefore, it is not Islam that brought about September 11. ‘Islam is Ð ° religion of peace’. It is ‘fundamentalists’ who are most to blame for disturbing the peace. After all, the term Islam means ‘peace’. â€Å"Enhanced analysis is where â€Å"the rubber meets the road† Up to this point in the analytical process, personnel have primarily been cleaning data and analyzing information using broad approaches. Transforming the information into quality intelligence requires time and skill. Whether some forms of analysis are art or science is debatable. In the case of homeland security and terrorism analysis, it is both. Methods employed by an analyst can be replicated for use on many different fronts. In addition, there are numerous scientific models and tools available for analysts that can be utilized by anyone to prove or verify information. The data should yield the same results for whoever undertakes the process. (Paul 2002 31) Use of Ð ° checklist is encouraged due to the magnitude of events that can be faced by an analyst undertaking terrorism or organized hate group investigations. Too many steps are involved in the intelligence process, and information often arrives at intermittent times, making organization of the information difficult. Matrixes, link charts, time lines, and maps also play important roles in transforming information into enhanced intelligence. Whatever techniques are used to analyze the information, it is crucial to know one’s criminal data and what information is available. In warfare, one needs to know the enemy, and in the analytical world one needs to know the enemy (subject or target) as well as the data. If you do not know what you have, how can you transform it into intelligence? (Michael 2004) Today the term is used by the media and intelligentsia as Ð ° form of hate speech an epithet to curse those who disagree with them. In the present context it is used as Ð ° means of casting aspersions upon conservative Christians in relating them to terrorist activity. Stephen Schwartz serves Ð ° good example of this type of rhetoric. In his work on the Saudis and Wahhabis, The Two Faces of Islam, he skews an otherwise outstanding work with Ð ° continual reference to ‘fundamentalist’ Muslims as perverting ‘true’ Islam. The term serves as Ð ° source of pure rhetoric throughout the work, disembodied from any specific reference to Ð ° movement, group or set of beliefs. There is only one section where he even bothers to relate it to Ð ° specific viewpoint. In this place he condemns Muslims who limit ‘all historical and cultural development in Islam after its first two generations’. However, this understanding of fundamentalism in terms of literal interpretation and living-in-the-past contradicts the overall thesis of Schwartz and his liberal constituency that would characterize the religion of Muhammad the ‘true’ and ‘authentic’ Islam as Ð ° religion of peace. If Muhammad was Ð ° man of peace, literal Islam would have produced the same sort of pacifism that we observe among early Christianity in the first three centuries. But the real truth is that it produced much the opposite. Islam does not exist in the world of ideas as Ð ° disembodied, un-interpreted spirit, subsisting above and beyond the communities who represent the faith. ‘True’ Islam exists only in the mind of those liberals who wish that Muslims would find in Islam what they want them to believe. No religion, philosophy or political ideology exists apart from those who interpret it in accordance with their own purposes. For example, one could find Nazism within the writings of Friedrich Nietzsche if one wishes to use his writings to deconstruct certain themes in certain ways. His writings contain that possibility, even if Nietzsche himself was not an anti-Semite. All works contain enough tensions within them to allow the interpreter to choose this or that reading as more indicative of the true essence of the text, It is all Ð ° matter of choice, If Ð ° reader wishes to find the good things of liberalism within the Qur’an feeding the poor and helping widows and orphans in their distress, there is much in the text that lends itself to this direction. (Paul 2002 56) However, Ð ° liberal cannot deny that there is more Ð ° pretext for deconstructing the Qur’an and proceeding in the horrid direction of September 11 than there is in the Bible or the sacred texts of most other religions. The Bible certainly contains imprecatory psalms and holy wars, but within its writings, especially those of the New Testament, there is much to counteract the more bellicose verses of the old Testament and marginate them or treat them as Ð ° product of Ð ° bygone dispensation. Within the Qur’an there are Ð ° number of disturbing sections that could lead in the direction of September 11 if so interpreted, and little else to counteract them. There is no concept of the historical progress of revelation, as the divine revelation did not take place over Ð ° period of time. According to most Muslims, the Qur’an is an eternal and uncreated book. Its Arabic is God’s Arabic its words God’s Words. Nevertheless, Islam does not exist as Ð ° simple monolith, which demands our acceptance or rejection. â€Å"Since the events of September 11, the American people may have been treated to more truth from their government than ever before. In the post Vietnam era, when the notorious Phoenix program of assassinations finally came to light, public indignation was sufficient to empower investigation by the Church Committee, and Ð ° subsequent ban on foreign assassinations. Over the past decade and increasingly under the Bush Jr. administration, however, open talk of intended foreign assassinations, efforts to overthrow the leaders of other sovereign states, or invasions of an unspecified array of nations can reach the daily papers through on-record remarks by elected officials. † (Amit 2003 127).